Sustainability in action: An examination of human capital, green finance, green growth, and environmental taxation on load capacity factors

Naeem  Abbas; Misbah  Hassan; Wasim Abbas  Shaheen

Authors

Naeem Abbas M.Phil Scholar, Quaid-i-Azam School of Management Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Author
Misbah Hassan BS Scholar, Department of Environmental Sciences, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan. Author
Wasim Abbas Shaheen Assistant Professor, Quaid-i-Azam school of Management Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Author

Keywords:

Load Capacity Factor, Human Capital, Green Finance, Green Growth, Green Energy, Economic Globalization

Abstract

The UN has established the Sustainable Development Goals as a sustainable future in which environmental, economic, and social priorities should be in a cycle. This research examines the role of Human Capital, Green Finance, Green Growth, and Environmental Taxation in enhancing the Load Capacity Factor (LCF), an important indicator of Renewable Energy Efficiency and sustainability, using panel data of 30 countries over the period 2010-2020 and sophisticated econometric techniques. The study shows that GF is a key driver of investment in renewable energy and efficiency, whereas Human Capital highly increases the use and optimization of green technologies. Environmental taxation induces cleaner energy behavior and provides funds for green reinvestment; its performance relies on the governance and economic situation. Growth strategies are of mixed effects and rely on the policy favoring the local priorities of the economy. Globalization and FDI promote green technology transfer and green infrastructure development in emerging economies and eco-innovation to be a driving force behind GF to sustainability outcomes. Policy suggestions involve the integration of GF with taxation, human capital investment, and scaling renewable infrastructure. Enhancements in LCF support SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), emphasizing the intersectionality of economic development, environmental sustainability, and public health.

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